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Victor Stafford Freid (1 May 1913 - 25 August 1987) was a Jamaican writer born in Kingston, Jamaica, who wrote with an intent of influencing the younger generations. He was awarded the silver (1950) and gold (1976) Musgrave Medals , the Order of Jamaica (1980) and the Norman Manley Award for Excellence in Literature in 1981.〔''Journal of West Indian Literature'', vol. 2, no. 1, December 1987.〕 He was the author of several novels, three of which were aimed towards children, one play production, and several short stories. Two of his most notable works are ''New Day'' - "the first West Indian novel to be written throughout in a dialect form"〔Michael Hughes, "Reid, Victor Stafford", ''A Companion to West Indian Literature'', Collins, 1979, p. 103.〕 - and ''The Leopard''. As a writer, Reid aimed to instil an awareness of legacy and tradition among the Jamaican people. His writings reflected many of the social and cultural hardships that pervade the time periods illustrated in his literary works. As literary critic Edward Baugh has stated, "() writing shows a fondness for the rebel with a cause… he wanted people to learn about their heritage through his writing."〔 Reid was one of a handful of writers to emerge from the new literary and nationalist movement that seized Jamaican sentiment in the period of the late 1930s. From this "new art" surfaced many of Reid’s literary contemporaries, including Roger Mais, George Campbell, M. G. Smith, and H. D. Carberry. A common objective among this new generation of writers was an inclination to "break away from Victorianism and to associate with the Jamaican independence movement." 〔Oakley, Leo. "Ideas of Patriotism and National Dignity in Some Jamaican Writings", ''Jamaica Journal'' 4: 16-21, 1970.〕 Reid’s emphasis on resistance and struggle is reaffirmed in a 1978 lecture he delivered at the Institute of Jamaica on the topic of cultural revolution in Jamaica post-1938. In the address, Reid contended that the collective discontent of the working class majority was the public assertion of a "new brand of loyalty" that situated itself not only beyond, but more importantly, in direct resistance to imperial rule.〔Reid, Victor Stafford. "The Cultural Revolution in Jamaica after 1938," address delivered at the Institute of Jamaica, 1978.〕 ==Biography== Born in Kingston, Jamaica, Victor Reid was the son of Alexander Reid, a businessman who worked in the shipping industry in the United States and married Margaret Reid. Along with his two brothers and one sister, Victor grew up and attended school in Jamaica, graduating from Kingston Technical High School in 1929. He called himself a "city bred" person because of his urban background. He was initially involved in advertising, journalism, farming and the book trade, before becoming a writer.〔Cooke, Michael G. "V. S. (Vic) Reid", ''Dictionary of Literary Biography'', vol. 125: Caribbean and Black African Writers, second series. Detroit: Gale Research, 1993, pp. 256-60.〕 Because of success in literature, his early life was prosperous. In 1935, he married his wife Monica and they had four children. He held several posts in the Jamaican government, including Chairman of the Jamaica National Trust Commission, and was a Trustee of the Historic Foundation Research Centre in Kingston. Reid was also well traveled, journeying to Great Britain, East Africa and West Africa, Canada and the United States during his lifetime.〔Dance, Daryl C., ed. ''Fifty Caribbean Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook''. Greenwood Press, 1986.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Victor Stafford Reid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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